Cyber Bullying Must Be Improved And Consistent - 1267 Words

Amanda Bridges Ms. Shultz / Mrs. Seymore English 5th Period 28 January 2015 Cyber Bullying Have you ever been cyber bullied? The effects of cyberbullying are greater than many people have come to realize. Cyber bullies have been around for a long time, but technology now gives them a whole new way to get to their victims easier and faster. Cyberbullying is the use of information technology to repeatedly harm or harass other people in a deliberate manner (abouthealth). Cyberbullying happens when kids bully each other through electronic technology. The consequences of cyberbullying must be improved and consistent. One important reason the consequences of cyber bullying must be consistent is that many victims suffer from†¦show more content†¦Any bullying is wrong and hurtful, but cyber bullying is the worst bullying of all (abouthealth). If the consequences for cyber bullying were consistent and more harsh cyber bullying wouldn t be as common as it is today. If people would really see what cyber bullying does to people they might think twice about doing it to somebody or they might not even do it at all. 19.6% of kids reported being cyber bullied once or twice a month 5.3% reported being cyber bullied once or twice a week and 3.1% reported being cyber bullied almost everyday. Do not forget the 71.9% reported being cyber bullied once or twice in the school year (Issues Related to Bullying). Cyber bullies don t think about how many kids they affect when cyber bullying. It can start out as an innocent joke and then other people can join in on the cyber bullying Cyber bullying may cause psychological distress, which is a range of symptoms and experiences of a person s internal life that are commonly held to be troubling, confusing or out of the ordinary. Bullying and cyberbullying are similar, there are not many differences between the two of them. Even though the two are very similar the consequences are much different. Cyber bullies bully people but their behind the screen of their computer or technology, they are not face to face with their victims, bullies are face to face with their victims. Cyber bullying can happen

The Experiences of Montag - 1230 Words

In the beginning of this part, the writer presents the scene where Beatty prepares for putting Montags house on fire. Before igniting the fire, Beatty tells Montag that all of what is about to happen, is a result of a wrong decision Montag made, which is the decision of reading and collecting books. Then, Mildred runs out of the door with a suitcase, and takes a taxi that was waiting for her at the curb. So, Montag suspects Mildred to be the one who sounded the alarm for the firemen to come. After that, Faber asks Montag about what is happening at the moment, through the earpiece that he gave to Montag before. Montag tells him, This is happening to me(Bradbury 115). When Faber comprehends the situation, he advises Montag to run away from the whole scene. At this moment, Beatty starts speaking to Montag about the beauty of fire. Beatty claims that the real beauty of fire lies in its perpetual motion, which was the thing that man wanted to invent but never did. He also thinks that fire is the solution to problems and burdens. that since Montag is a problem and a burden, then fire is the solution that will lift Montag off his shoulders. As a tool of mental torture for Montag, Beatty insists that Montag burns his own house, with his own hands, using a flame thrower. Through Montags earpiece, Faber repeats himself, and tells Montag that he should run away. Montag responds to Faber aloud and tells him that he cant possibly run, since he is surrounded by the Hound.Show MoreRelatedIgnorance in Fahrenheit 451 Essay1302 Words   |  6 PagesFahrenheit 451, the character of Montag is a great example. He is once an ideal, ignorant citizen, but it all chang es once he meets Clarisse, who unlocks a vault full of knowledge to him. Moreover, the crave for knowledge grows and Montag meets Faber who helps reveal the meaning of knowledge, allowing Montag to get rid of his ignorance. At last, the conversation with Beatty destroys Montag’s ignorance completely and allows him to be his own governor. Through Montag’s experience with Clarisse, Faber and BeattyRead MoreAnalysis Of Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 4511113 Words   |  5 Pagessuffering, known struggle, known loss, and have found their way out of those depths.† The text’s collection focus on Ray Bradbury’s science fiction, Fahrenheit 451 discusses about the growth and struggles of Guy Montag’s beliefs against his society. Montag is a fireman and his job is to restrain people from learning by burning books. He meets special people and realizes the stimulation and manipulations of his society. He realizes that by struggling and suffering, there is wis dom rewarded at the endRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1380 Words   |  6 Pagescorrupted society. The protagonist, Guy Montag, burns books to restrict knowledge in society, but he does not know this. Clarisse, Montag s neighbor, lives in a home where socializing and thinking are essential which in society that in highly unusual. Montag has always been curious, but Clarisse sets Montag on a journey that involves being rebellious, curious, and persistent by asking him a strange question. These characteristics set Montag apart from society. Montag has been persistently searching forRead MoreMontags Transformation: Farenheit 451869 Words   |  3 Pagesnovel Fahrenheit 451 written by Ray Bradbury, deals with a futuristic apocalypse that happens to an entire society and creates an new opportunity for the book’s main character Guy Montag. This apocalypse needed to happen because it provides Montag with meaning, which allows him to fully transform. Through Montag’s experiences to find answers and happiness, he begins to have realization and goes through a transformation from being the representation of evil and destruction to good. Guy Montag’s characterRead MoreFahrenheit 451 Character Analysis981 Words   |  4 Pages In Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury introduces Montag as a fireman who enjoys burning books. Bradbury started off with†It was a pleasure to burn† showing what Montag thinks about burning books. Montag liked the way when â€Å"books went up in sparkling whirls and blew away on a wind turned dark with burning†(Bradbury, 2). He like to see thing blackened and changed like a destruction. Montag started to change throughout many challenges that he had to face and he also started to get a different view on fireRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1544 Words   |  7 PagesGuy Montag s profession is to burn books, but he does not know that the government requires him to do this in order for them to restrict knowledge. Clarisse, Montag s neighbor, lives in a home where socializing and thinking are essential. On the contrary, these elements are highly unusual in society. Montag has always been curious, but Clarisse sets Montag on a journey that involves being rebellious, curious, and persistent by asking him a strange question. These characteristics set Montag apartRead MoreIn the start of Fahrenheit 451, Montag’s thoughts are that fire is good for society. He burns books700 Words   |  3 Pagesburn† (1). Montag never thought much of his job, to him, it was merely his duty. Meeting Clarisse starts Montags revision of life. Her interest and questioning is so unique that Montag is intrigued by her. He had never met someone who asks why instead of how. Soon, Clarisse disappears, and is then presumably dead for the rest of the book. Shortly after his disappearance, Montag to begin smuggling books during work, hoping to learn more by himself. From the old woman’s house, Montag steals a bookRead MoreFahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury719 Words   |  3 PagesThe flash point of paper, or the temperature at which paper will burst in flames, is 451 degrees Fahrenheit. In Fahrenheit 451, written by Ray Bradbury, the main character, Guy Montag, is a â€Å"fireman† in a futuristic society where he and his coworkers start fires, rather than put them out. Books are banned and burned, along with the owner of the book’s house and sometimes even the owner of the book, upon discovery. Technology has taken over in a sense that social interaction between the average personRead MoreFire And Water : Facing Your Fears And Crossing Your Boundaries1427 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish 10 3 March 2014 Fire and water: Facing your Fears and Crossing your Boundaries â€Å"You gain strength confidence and courage by every experience in which you stop and really take the time to stop and look fear in the face† (Eleanor Roosevelt) Fahrenheit 451, by Ray Bradbury, and The Truman Show both present the trials but the overall triumphs of Truman and Montag and their journeys to victory. While exploring and pondering upon the text, Fahrenheit 451, by Ray Bradbury, certain themes appear thatRead MoreRay Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 Character Analysis708 Words   |  3 Pagesis like for Guy Montag in Ray Bradburys novel Fahrenheit 451. In the beginning of the novel, Guy Montag is a fireman who believes that there has never been and will never be a need for books and every book should burn. As the story progresses, he interacts with people and experiences events in his life that change his beliefs and views of the world. By the end of the novel, Guy Montag can recite parts of books off the top of his head. In Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451, Guy Montag learns the truth

Study on Photorhabdus Luminescens-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Photorhabdus luminescens Bacteria. Answer: Introduction Photorhabdus luminescens bacteria, belongs to the family Enterobactriaceae, and acts as a lethal pathogen for the insects. The bacteria reside in the gut of the nematode of family Heterorhabditidae, in a symbiotic association (Murfin et al, 2012). The life cycle of these bacteria shows a strange switch between virulent and the avirulent form, depending upon the surrounding environment. The bacteria also produce several broadspectrum antibiotics. Extensive researches are going on to understand the biosynthetic mechanism of the secondary metabolites secreted by the bacteria. The driving force behind the extensive researches is because of its application in agriculture and pest control (Ruiu, 2015). It has also found its application in the research of pharmaceuticals. This report gives idea about the discovery of these bacteria, the different phenotypes and the different genes responsible for the different phenotypes. This report also throws light upon the different regulatory mechanisms of the operons and genes that helps the bacteria to switch between a mutualistic form and a virulent form. The latter part of the report also focuses upon the biosynthetic mechanisms of secondary metabolite produced by the bacteria, like Stilbene, Anthraquinone and antibiotic called Carbapenem. Further the report also aims at discussing the usage Nematodal formulations in the field to destroy the population of harmful insects. Discovery of Photorhabdus Several databases have been gone through to get information about the discovery of Photorhabdus bacteria. The civil war left many soldiers wounded, dead, and impaired. The bayonets and the bullets did enough injury, but the soldiers of that era were also prone to infections. The wounds got contaminated with dirt and made a suitable environment for the growth of microbes. Some soldiers could not fight the battle of their life due to lack of medical resources. Few soldiers who waited in the mud out in the rain found their wounds are glowing in the dark. After they had been shifted to the hospital, it was found that the soldiers with glowing wound had a better survival rate than the other soldiers with unilluminated wounds. The protective effect of the strange and mysterious glow earned a nickname Angels glow. In 2001, almost after one forty years after the battle, a seventeen year old while visiting the Shiloh battlefield with his family heard about the glowing wound. His mother was a microbiologist who had been doing research on the luminescent bacteria in the soil. They predicted that the luminescent bacteria that her mom had been studying had some connections with the Angels glow. It was studied that the bacteria lived in the gut of the nematodes share a strange life cycle of an avirulent symbiotic phase and a virulent phase. It was predicted that the weather and the condition of the soil was suitable for the growth of Photorhabdus bacteria. Although, they cannot survive in the normal body temperature, it can be predicted that the temperature at night would have been low enough to give a suitable environment to the bacteria. Phenotype of Photorhabdus luminescence Heterogeneity in the Phenotypes in microbial communities facilitates organisms, that are genetically identical to behave in a different way even under identical environmental conditions. Photorhabdus luminescens, a bioluminescent Gram-negative bacterium, displays a strange life cycle, which involves a mutualistic relayion with nematodes as well as a pathogenic relation with insect larvae. There are two phenotypic cell types, the primary (1) and secondary (2) cells. The 1 cells are pigmented, bioluminescent and grow inside the nematodes. Individual 1 cells can undergo switching of its phenotypes after prolonged cultivation and convert to 2 cells. The LysR-type regulator hexA has been reported to be the major regulator of this switching mechanism. It has been shown that hexA controls phenotypic heterogeneity, directly as well as indirectly. Expression of hexA is increased in 2 cells, and the corresponding regulator inhibits the 1 specific traits in 2 cells. hexA does not influence biol uminescence directly, a predominant 1 specific phenotype. Since the respective lux CD ABE operon is repressed at the post-transcriptional level and transcriptional levels, chaperone gene hfq also increases its expression in 2 cells. Another phenotypic trait that is specific for 1 cells is cell clumping, mediated by quorum sensing. Life cycle of Photorhabdus luminescence Bacteria belonging to the genus Photorhabdus, are found to be in symbiotic association with entopathologic nematode of family Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae (Clarke, 2014). These nematodes use these bacteria that live inside the gut of the nematodes for killing their hosts. After entering the hosts these nematodes release these bacteria in the host larvae. This causes killing of the hosts within 48 hours (Nielsen-LeRoux, 2012). The virulence factors defeats the immunity of the insect and the insect die Virulence factors like toxin complexes of large tripartite ABC-type. Tcs consists of TcA, TcB, TcC proteins. TcC proteins, ADP ribosyltransferases are responsible for the cell death in the insect larvae. Transportation of the TcC componants by the TcA and TcB componants is still not specifically understood. It has been found that TcA in P. luminescense forms a transient membrane pore and the proteins are inserted into the membrane by a syringe like mechanism (Gatsogiannis et al , 2013). This allows the nematodes to survive and thrive in the insect body. The nematodes reproduce inside the carcass of the insect. The carcass of the larva provides enough nutrients for the nematodes to grow and multiply. The nematodes undergo a number of life cycles and finally the carcass that is infected burst to give numerous progenies of the nematodes (Easom and Clarke, 2012). These new progenies then start searching for new insect hosts and start the cycle all over again. These live nematodes are sometimes used as pest control agents (Tobias et al 2012). Photorhabdus bacteria have got two faces. A mutualistic face, while living inside the gut of the nematodes and a pathogenic face, as they are introduced in to the host larvae. In order to ensure survival the bacteria had to adapt to the different environmental changes. They can switch between a pathogenic (P form) form and a symbiotic form (M form), that does not contain the virulence factors, shows less bioluminescence and are slow growing. An inversion in the promoter helps it to switch between two forms. It has been found that when the madswitch promoter located at upstream of the genes for the mad fimbriae is switched ON, the P.luminescence is said to be in the M form, when it can colonize inside the nematode gut. When the madswitch promoter is switched OF, the bacteria then transform into its P-form, when it can infect the insects but it loses the capacity to colonize inside the nematodes (Orozco, Hill and Stock, 2013). A review shows that, for testing the role of the madswitch promoter an experiment had been done where the madswitch promoter had been genetically locked to either the ON or OFF orientation. P form of the bacteria, having deleted inverted repeats and mad R, was injected into the larvae of Galleria mellonella to detect the M form colonies. Deletion of the upstream inverted repeats locked the madswitch OFF. As a result the P form cannot switch its form and initiate mutualism. Conversely, on deleting the same repeat while the madswitch is ON, switched the P form to M-form colonies without any P-form sectors (Somvanshi et al, 2012). Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites Photorhabdus bacteria shows underexploited novel chemical structures. Over few decades, attention has been given on the toxins and small molecules produced by Photorhabdus. A lot of research had been done in this field because of their potential applications for pest management, as well as in Pharmaceutical industries (Vizcaino, Guo and Crawford, 2014). The natural products secreted by the bacteria are important components in crop protection. Several Photorhabdus protein products and their genes have been found as an alternative to Bacillus thuringenesis for the production of transgenic crops, although their application has not been pursued (Brachmann et al., 2012). Stilbene biosynthesis Photorhabdusshows a secondary metabolism that is essential for the mutualism between the bacteria and the nematode. An essential secondary metabolite is a stilbene molecule, known as ST. The initial step in ST biosynthesis involves the non-oxidative deamination of phenylalanine which results in the formation of cinnamic acid. Phenylalanine-ammonium lyase, which is an enzyme, encoded by thestlAgene, catalyses the reaction. Researches have shown that the expression ofstlAis regulated by nutrient limitation via a regulatory mechanism that involves by 3 regulators. It has been found that TyrR, a LysR-type transcriptional regulator that regulates gene expression in response to aromatic amino acids inE. coli, is required forstlAexpression. It had also been found that Sand Lrp modulates thestlAexpression. These are regulators that are implicated in the regulation of the response to nutrient limitation in other bacteria (Lango-Scholey, 2013). This report describes a regulatory pathway for se condary metabolism inPhotorhabdusand, therefore, the study provides an idea about the complex regulatory network that controls secondary metabolism and mutualism, in this organism (Lango et al., 2013) Carbapenem biosyntheses Photorhabdus bacteria produce many broad spectrum antibiotics as their secondary metabolite (Raaijmakers and Mazzola, 2012). It has been reported that a cluster of 8 genes (cpmA to cpmH) are responsible for the formation of carbapenem like antibiotics. The cpm mRNA level gets high during the exponential phase and is regulated by Rap/Hor homolog that has been found in Photorhabdus bacteria. It has been found that marker exchanged mutagenesis in the gene leads to impaired production of carbapenem production. The luxS like signaling function also have role in the functioning of the cpm operon. It has been found the luxS gene produces an auto inducer that causes repression in the cpm gene at the end of the exponential phase of the growth cycle (Bozhyk et al., 2017). Anthraquinone biosynthesis The entomopathogenic bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens produces a red pigment and an antibiotic in insect carcasses in which it grows and in cultures. The pigment was identified as 1, 6-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-9, 10-anthraquinone, which is an Anthraquinone derivative. AQ pigment is produced by proteins encoded by the 9 gene anta-I locus. Genes present at both the end of this locus encode certain regulators of transcription are encoded by the genes of this locus. Hdfr, which is a transcription regulatory factor, acts as a repressor of ant- I expression and AQ production (Park and Crawford, 2015). Over the years it has become necessary for humans to control the populations of harmful insects Insecticides have been used for this purpose in agricultural and horticultural sectors. Biological have replaced the synthetic insecticides, because of their harmful effects. Recent researches have shown that species of Photorhabdus bacteria produce insecticidal toxins, which have various biotechnological, agricultural, and economic importances (Castagnola and Stock, 2014). Conclusion The report focuses on the recent advances in researches regarding the molecular biology of Photorhabdus luminescens, and emphasis has been given to apply the researches in the field of agriculture. The above report signifies the Photorhabdus bacteria are the gold mine for the discovery of new type of toxins and drugs. This report also throws light upon the fact that this bacterium employs a complex regulatory mechanism of its genes and operons to control its production of secondary metabolite during its life cycle. The bacterium displays a functional heterogeneity in phase variation and interaction with different hosts. It can be concluded that the production of the secondary metabolites at the time of post exponential phase of the life cycle has a direct link with mutualistic association of the bacteria with the nematode. It has also been shown in the report that a mere switch in the promoter could regulate the bacterias pathogenicity towards specific host. The report gives a better understanding about the different regulatory pathways that the bacteria employ. All these characteristics of the bacteria along with its use in the field of agriculture make it a popular topic of research. References Bozhyk, K.A., Zhou, Q., Engel, Y., Heinrich, A., Prez, A. and Bode, H.B., 2017. Natural Products from Photorhabdus and Other Entomopathogenic Bacteria.The Molecular Biology of Photorhabdus Bacteria, pp.55-79. Brachmann, A.O., Kirchner, F., Kegler, C., Kinski, S.C., Schmitt, I. and Bode, H.B., 2012. Triggering the production of the cryptic blue pigment indigoidine from Photorhabdus luminescens.Journal of biotechnology,157(1), pp.96-99. Castagnola, A. and Stock, S.P., 2014. Common virulence factors and tissue targets of entomopathogenic bacteria for biological control of lepidopteran pests.Insects,5(1), pp.139-166. Clarke, D.J., 2014. The genetic basis of the symbiosis between Photorhabdus and its invertebrate hosts.Adv Appl Microbiol,88, pp.1-29. Easom, C.A. and Clarke, D.J., 2012. HdfR is a regulator in Photorhabdus luminescens that modulates metabolism and symbiosis with the nematode Heterorhabditis.Environmental microbiology,14(4), pp.953-966. Gatsogiannis, C., Lang, A.E., Meusch, D., Pfaumann, V., Hofnagel, O., Benz, R., Aktories, K. and Raunser, S., 2013. A syringe-like injectionmechanismin Photorhabdus luminescens toxins.Nature,495(7442), p.520. Lango-Scholey, L., Brachmann, A.O., Bode, H.B. and Clarke, D.J., 2013. The expression of stlA in Photorhabdus luminescens is controlled by nutrient limitation.PLoS One,8(11), p.e82152. Murfin, K.E., Dillman, A.R., Foster, J.M., Bulgheresi, S., Slatko, B.E., Sternberg, P.W. and Goodrich-Blair, H., 2012. Nematode-bacterium symbiosescooperation and conflict revealed in the Omics age.The Biological Bulletin,223(1), pp.85-102. Nielsen-LeRoux, C., Gaudriault, S., Ramarao, N., Lereclus, D. and Givaudan, A., 2012. How the insect pathogen bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis and Xenorhabdus/Photorhabdus occupy their hosts.Current opinion in microbiology,15(3), pp.220-231. Orozco, R.A., Hill, T. and Stock, S.P., 2013. Characterization and Phylogenetic Relationships of Photorhabdusluminescens subsp. sonorensis (-Proteobacteria: Enterobacteriaceae), the Bacterial Symbiont of the Entomopathogenic Nematode Heterorhabditis sonorensis (Nematoda: Heterorhabditidae).Current microbiology,66(1), pp.30-39. Park, H.B. and Crawford, J.M., 2015. Lumiquinone A, an -aminomalonate-derived aminobenzoquinone from Photorhabdus luminescens.Journal of natural products,78(6), pp.1437-1441. Raaijmakers, J.M. and Mazzola, M., 2012. Diversity and natural functions of antibiotics produced by beneficial and plant pathogenic bacteria.Annual review of phytopathology,50, pp.403-424. Ruiu, L., 2015. Insect pathogenic bacteria in integrated pest management.Insects,6(2), pp.352-367. Somvanshi, V.S., Sloup, R.E., Crawford, J.M., Martin, A.R., Heidt, A.J., Kim, K.S., Clardy, J. and Ciche, T.A., 2012. A single promoter inversion switches Photorhabdus between pathogenic and mutualistic states.Science,337(6090), pp.88-93. Tobias, N.J., Mishra, B., Gupta, D.K., Sharma, R., Thines, M., Stinear, T.P. and Bode, H.B., 2016. Genome comparisons provide insights into the role of secondary metabolites in the pathogenic phase of the Photorhabdus life cycle.BMC genomics,17(1), p.537. Vizcaino, M.I., Guo, X. and Crawford, J.M., 2014. Merging chemical ecology with bacterial genome mining for secondary metabolite discovery.Journal of industrial microbiology biotechnology,41(2), pp.285-299.

Technology and Science A Look Back at the Past Experiences

Technologies can hardly be defined as merely tools; instead, they can be evaluated on their own merits, as the indicators of the progress of the civilization and the measure of people’s possibilities in terms of science and progress.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Technology and Science: A Look Back at the Past Experiences specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Despite the fact that, for the most part, technologies are supposed to be used as a tool for acquiring certain information or getting a specific result, they can also be introduced as a measure of progress, seeing how these technologies evolved over time. Indeed, it is noteworthy that over time, different tools have been used for the same purposes; for example, to distribute information on long distances, people used first pigeon service, then postal service, then phones; now people use Internet for this purpose. Thus, technologies show how the huma nkind has evolved and can be considered a means to define the current stage of development. That being said, it would be wrong to assume that the only relation between technology and science can be defined as the one between theory and tools. Instead, technology is related to science as a measure of progress. Making mistakes is an integral part of being human. To try new experiences and realize whether the theories that have been constructed in the process work, people have to take certain steps, which not always result in success. Therefore, failure is an inevitable and nonetheless important part of growth. However, making mistakes without learning from them does not lead to efficient growth; instead, it triggers even more problems. Thus, it is crucial to learn to analyze the past mistakes, as well as the steps that triggered them. Once learning the factors that predetermined the failure, along with the point at which a mistake was made, one can drive important lessons even from th e most deplorable experiences in human history. Related to technology, such experiences include the use of nuclear weapons in the WWII – or, to be more exact, the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. It would be wrong to call the invention of a nuclear bomb a mistake, though; to be able to define their moral dimensions, people have to know what is wrong and what is right, which means that people must not hide from the issues that are traditionally considered wrong. Instead, it is important to be able to define the point at which technology stops serving humankind and starts being used against it. One of the most fascinating things about technology is that it affects not only science, but also a number of other fields, including economy, politics, and finances.Advertising Looking for assessment on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In a way, technology defines the way in which these fields evolve. With regard to economy, technology can be considered a powerful means to boost growth and provide the means to evolve. For instance, the concept of solar energy, which might soon become a part of everyday reality, is bound to shape economy considerably, seeing how it will reinvent the transportation system. With the use of solar energy, the need in petrol is going to drop, which means that the current oil tycoons are going to be out of business. Thus, major oil companies will lose their control over the transportation market; as a result, the redivision of the world market is most likely to happen, with the re-definition of the companies that have the major influence on the world market. This assessment on Technology and Science: A Look Back at the Past Experiences was written and submitted by user Chr0n0mancer to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.